CVE Database

On affected platforms running Arista EOS with Open Shortest Path First version 3 (OSPFv3) configured, an unauthenticated attacker on the same OSPFv3 broadcast domain can send a specially crafted set of packets that can cause the Ospf3 agent to restart unexpectedly. The crash results in the loss of all OSPFv3 adjacencies on the affected device and may disrupt routing across the broader OSPF domain until the agent recovers. This issue was reported externally by Dravanet Inc., and Arista is not aware of any malicious exploitation of this vulnerability in customer networks.

On affected platforms running Arista EOS with OSPFv2 and OSPFv2 segment routing configured, a specially crafted OSPFv2 packet from an adjacent OSPF neighbor may cause OSPF to restart unexpectedly.

On affected platforms running Arista EOS with Open Shortest Path First version 2 (OSPFv2) configured, a specially crafted OSPFv2 packet from an unauthenticated attacker on the same broadcast segment, with OSPFv2 authentication configured can cause adjacency flapping and packet loss. The disruption can affect routing across the broader OSPF domain.

Apache ZooKeeper quorum TLS fails to enforce peer hostname verification in FIPS-mode deployments. When sslQuorum=true, zookeeper.fips-mode=true, ssl.quorum.hostnameVerification=true, and ssl.quorum.clientHostnameVerification=true are enabled, the Java SSLSocket quorum path accepts a CA-trusted peer certificate whose SAN does not match the connected host. A malicious or misissued peer certificate can therefore join quorum traffic, participate in leader election, and enter replication flows. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.8.7 or 3.9.6, which fixes the issue.

Information disclosure via SetWatches reconnect replay in Apache ZooKeeper due to missing ACL check. An attacker can discover ACL-restricted paths by registering exists-watches on non-existent paths, then reconnecting after the paths are created with restricted ACLs. Issue is caused by incomplete fix for CVE-2024-23944 (ZOOKEEPER-4799). The fix added ACL checking to WatchManager.triggerWatch(). However, DataTree.setWatches() — the SetWatches/SetWatches2 reconnect replay handler — still calls watcher.process(event) with null ACL, bypassing the check entirely. It's important to note that only the path is exposed by this vulnerability, not the data of znode, but since znode path can contain sensitive information like user name or login ID, this issue is potentially critical. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.9.6, 3.8.7 which fixes the issue.

On affected platforms running Arista EOS, an authenticated user with access to the gNMI (gRPC Network Management Interface) may receive incorrect authorization results, potentially allowing access beyond their currently assigned permissions. This issue was discovered internally by Arista and the company is not aware of any malicious uses of this issue in customer networks.

A SAML authentication bypass vulnerability affects the Kong SAML plugin when the validate_assertion_signature option is explicitly set to false. This option is enabled by default. When disabled, the plugin may extract the SAML identity from an unsigned assertion and authenticate the user without verifying a valid cryptographic signature. As a result, an unauthenticated remote attacker may be able to submit a crafted SAML response and impersonate arbitrary users, including administrators

fastify is a fast and low-overhead web framework for Node.js. In versions before 5.12.5, when a route registers a response trailer via reply.trailer() and is served over HTTP/2, fastify unconditionally sets the Transfer-Encoding: chunked header, which is forbidden on HTTP/2, so Node.js throws while serializing the response headers. The exception is not caught and becomes an uncaughtException, so a single unauthenticated HTTP/2 request to any route that uses trailers crashes the server process and drops all in-flight requests, and it can be repeated on every restart. The issue is fixed in fastify 5.12.5, and users should upgrade to 5.12.5 or later. As a workaround, avoid registering response trailers with reply.trailer() on routes served over HTTP/2 until upgrading.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: prevent out-of-bounds reads in share config responses Validate IPC share configuration payload sizes before consuming variable-length fields. Bound veto list parsing and account for the separator byte when deriving the path length.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: perf: Fix use-after-free when perf mmap() revival races with the last munmap() perf_mmap_close() drops rb->mmap_count *without* holding event->mmap_mutex (the refcount_dec_and_test() right before the refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() of event->mmap_count). A concurrent perf_mmap_rb() can slot its entire "revival" path into that window (perf_mmap holds event->mmap_mutex for its whole duration, including rb_alloc): munmap side (perf_mmap_close) mmap side (perf_mmap_rb) ----------------------------------- -------------------------------- rb->mmap_count 1 -> 0 (no lock) (holds event->mmap_mutex) inc_not_zero(rb->mmap_count) fails ring_buffer_attach(event, NULL) rb_alloc() + attach new rb refcount_set(&event->mmap_count, 1) lock; event->mmap_count 1 -> 0 ring_buffer_attach(event, NULL) ring_buffer_put() -> frees the *new* rb The revival's refcount_set(&event->mmap_count, 1) is an invisible 1 -> 1 write: the close frees the just-revived buffer although the other process still has it mapped -- a page-level use-after-free allowing local privilege escalation to root by any unprivileged user (default kernel.perf_event_paranoid=2). Swap the order of the two counter updates: event->mmap_count is dropped first via refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock(), so its 1 -> 0 transition and the ring_buffer_attach() stay serialized with perf_mmap(). rb->mmap_count == 0 then implies every event using the buffer is detached already, so the result of the rb->mmap_count drop can gate the remaining teardown directly and detach_rest is no longer needed. An earlier fix for this race from Kyle Zeng and David Lee takes event->mmap_mutex around both counter updates [0]; here the not-last close stays lockless.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv6: avoid divide by zero in rt6_multipath_rebalance rt6_multipath_rebalance() calculates the total eligible nexthop weight in one pass and programs upper bounds in a second pass. Since RTM_NEWROUTE is RTNL-free, a concurrent ignore_routes_with_linkdown update can make the first pass return zero while the second sees an eligible nexthop, causing rt6_upper_bound_set() to divide by zero. UBSAN: division-overflow in net/ipv6/route.c:4845:17 Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI rt6_upper_bound_set() net/ipv6/route.c:4845 rt6_multipath_rebalance() fib6_add_rt2node() ip6_route_multipath_add() inet6_rtm_newroute() Skip upper-bound calculation when the first pass reports a zero total. This respects the lock-free performance considerations here and solves insecure scenarios.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free gtp_newlink()'s error path frees tid_hash and addr_hash without waiting for an RCU grace period after clearing sk_user_data. A concurrent gtp_encap_recv() in softirq may still hold the gtp_dev pointer obtained via rcu_dereference_sk_user_data() and access the freed memory. BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200 (gtp.c:152) Call Trace: <IRQ> gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200 gtp_encap_recv+0x527/0x24b0 udp_queue_rcv_one_skb+0x75f/0xc10 Add synchronize_net() before the kfree calls in out_hashtable, which covers all error paths from both gtp_encap_enable() and gtp_create_sockets().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix tree connection use-after-free in smb2_tree_connect() ksmbd_tree_conn_connect() publishes a new tree connection in sess->tree_conns with a single reference and returns its pointer to smb2_tree_connect(). The handler continues to initialize the object and build the response after publication. A concurrent session logoff can erase the connection and drop that reference, freeing the object while the handler still uses it. BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in smb2_tree_connect+0xe3d/0xf90 smb2_tree_connect (fs/smb/server/smb2pdu.c:2872) handle_ksmbd_work process_one_work worker_thread kthread After xa_store() succeeds, take a second reference before releasing tree_conns_lock. The original reference belongs to the xarray entry and the second belongs to the creating smb2_tree_connect() handler. Keep the references balanced in every path: - On normal exit or an error after publication, smb2_tree_connect() drops its creator reference. Error cleanup also calls ksmbd_tree_conn_disconnect(), which drops the xarray reference only if it removes the exact entry. - SMB2 TREE_DISCONNECT uses the same helper to remove the entry and drop its xarray reference. The request's existing lookup reference remains owned by the request and is released by the existing cleanup. - Session LOGOFF removes each entry and drops its xarray reference. If it wins the race, later cleanup sees that the entry is gone and does not drop that reference again. To enforce this ownership, claim the disconnected state and erase the exact entry atomically under tree_conns_lock. This guarantees one drop for the xarray reference and one drop by each in-flight user, regardless of which teardown path wins. If logoff removes the entry before initialization completes, fail the connect instead of marking the detached object TREE_CONNECTED.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: check dir entry fits before reading the hash trailer in ext4_search_dir() For casefolded encrypted directories ext4 stores an 8-byte hash trailer after the name (EXT4_DIRENT_HASHES()), at an offset derived from de->name_len. On the sb_no_casefold_compat_fallback() path ext4_match() reads that trailer, but ext4_search_dir()'s by-hand pre-check only tests de->name + de->name_len <= dlimit, which proves the name fits, not the rounded trailer. A crafted entry whose name ends at the block boundary passes the check while EXT4_DIRENT_HASHES(de) lands past the block end, so ext4_match() reads out of bounds on an ordinary lookup. KASAN reports it as a use-after-free when the page after the directory block holds a freed object: BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ext4_match (fs/ext4/namei.c:1435) Read of size 4 at addr ffff888010458000 by task exploit Call Trace: ext4_match (fs/ext4/namei.c:1435) ext4_search_dir (fs/ext4/namei.c:1470) __ext4_find_entry (fs/ext4/namei.c:1268 fs/ext4/namei.c:1632) ext4_lookup (fs/ext4/namei.c:1703 fs/ext4/namei.c:1769) ... filename_lookup (fs/namei.c:2842) vfs_statx (fs/stat.c:353) __do_sys_newfstatat (fs/stat.c:538) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121) Require, for hash-in-dirent directories, that the whole entry including the rounded trailer fits before calling ext4_match(). This is the same bound ext4_check_dir_entry() already enforces via ext4_dir_rec_len(), so no well-formed entry is rejected. The other caller, ext4_find_dest_de(), runs ext4_check_dir_entry() first and is unaffected.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix out-of-bounds read in ext4_read_inline_dir() ext4_read_inline_dir() can read a dirent header past the end of its inline buffer, triggering a slab-out-of-bounds read during getdents64(): BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in __ext4_check_dir_entry Read of size 2 at addr ffff88800f3dd23c by task exploit/148 ... __ext4_check_dir_entry ext4_read_inline_dir iterate_dir The dirent payload lives in a buffer of exactly inline_size bytes: dir_buf = kmalloc(inline_size, GFP_NOFS); but iteration runs in a position space extra_offset bytes larger (extra_size = extra_offset + inline_size) so the synthetic "." and ".." land at their block-dir offsets. A dirent is formed at "dir_buf + pos - extra_offset", yet the ext4_check_dir_entry() length argument uses the larger extra_size. A position whose dirent header would extend past extra_size is therefore accepted, and the rescan loop's rec_len probe and ext4_check_dir_entry() dereference de->rec_len before the entry is rejected. Reject a position whose minimum-size dirent header would not fit within extra_size before forming de, in both the rescan and main loops, and pass inline_size rather than extra_size to ext4_check_dir_entry() so the length check matches the physical buffer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: fix out-of-bounds read of INDEX_ROOT in reparse/objid init ntfs_reparse_init() and ntfs_objid_init() parse the index root of the $Extend/$Reparse and $Extend/$ObjId metafiles (the INDEX_ROOT attributes named $R and $O). They read its type and rule fields through resident_data(), which does not check that the resident attribute is large enough to hold them. mi_enum_attr() accepts a resident attribute with data_off == asize and data_size == 0. For such an attribute placed last in its MFT record, resident_data() returns a pointer to the end of the record_size buffer, so reading root->type / root->rule reads past the allocation. Use resident_data_ex(attr, sizeof(struct INDEX_ROOT)) and bail out when it returns NULL, as ntfs_security_init() already does for $SDH / $SII. The attribute is only parsed while mounting a crafted image, so this needs CAP_SYS_ADMIN. BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ntfs_reparse_init (fs/ntfs3/fsntfs.c:2306) Read of size 4 at addr ffff88801219dc00 by task mount ntfs_reparse_init (fs/ntfs3/fsntfs.c:2306) ntfs_fill_super (fs/ntfs3/super.c:1604) get_tree_bdev_flags (fs/super.c:1703) vfs_get_tree (fs/super.c:1758) path_mount (fs/namespace.c:4131) __x64_sys_mount (fs/namespace.c:4360)

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: SUNRPC: check rpc_sockaddr2uaddr() return value in rpcb_register_inet4/6 rpcb_register_inet4() and rpcb_register_inet6() store the result of rpc_sockaddr2uaddr() into map->r_addr without checking it for NULL. rpc_sockaddr2uaddr() returns NULL when its final kstrdup() fails, and the unchecked NULL is then carried into the synchronous RPCBPROC_SET encode path: rpcb_register_call() -> rpc_call_sync() -> rpcb_enc_getaddr() -> encode_rpcb_string(), whose first statement is strlen(string), dereferencing NULL and oopsing the kernel. The crash reproduces under failslab on v6.12; with KASAN the NULL dereference surfaces as a fault on the shadow of address zero: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN RIP: 0010:strlen (lib/string.c:409) Call Trace: encode_rpcb_string (net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c:890) rpcb_enc_getaddr (net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c:910) rpcauth_wrap_req_encode (net/sunrpc/auth.c:745) call_encode (net/sunrpc/clnt.c:1966) __rpc_execute (net/sunrpc/sched.c:952) rpc_run_task (net/sunrpc/clnt.c:1243) rpc_call_sync (net/sunrpc/clnt.c:1272) rpcb_v4_register (net/sunrpc/rpcb_clnt.c:500) svc_generic_rpcbind_set nfsd_rpcbind_set svc_register svc_setup_socket svc_addsock write_ports nfsctl_transaction_write vfs_write The crash is reachable when an in-kernel RPC service (nfsd, lockd, nfs-callback) registers with the local rpcbind under enough memory pressure for the small GFP_KERNEL kstrdup() in rpc_sockaddr2uaddr() to fail. The asynchronous getport path already handles this exact failure mode by returning -ENOMEM; only the two register helpers omit the check. Mirror that handling: bail out with -ENOMEM when rpc_sockaddr2uaddr() returns NULL, before the address is fed into the encoder.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm6: fix out-of-bounds write in xfrm6_input_addr() when secpath is full The depth check in xfrm6_input_addr() is off by one: if (1 + sp->len == XFRM_MAX_DEPTH) goto drop; ... sp->xvec[sp->len++] = x; xfrm_input() can leave sp->len == XFRM_MAX_DEPTH, and the transport-mode receive path re-enters IPv6 input via xfrm_trans_reinject() with that secpath preserved. If the inner packet carries a destination-options HAO option or a type-2 routing header, xfrm6_input_addr() is called with sp->len == XFRM_MAX_DEPTH; the check (1 + 6 == 6) is false, so sp->xvec[sp->len++] writes one slot past the 6-element xvec[]. The write stays within the sec_path allocation (invisible to KASAN); UBSAN_BOUNDS flags it and panics under panic_on_warn. Use "sp->len >= XFRM_MAX_DEPTH", matching xfrm_input(). This also restores one chain level the old check rejected at sp->len == 5. UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in net/ipv6/xfrm6_input.c:309:10 index 6 is out of range for type 'xfrm_state *[6]'

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: reject restart table growth beyond U16_MAX entries During $LogFile replay, log_replay() indexes the transaction table by the transact_id taken from the log record header. check_log_rec() only verifies that transact_id is non-zero and properly aligned, not its magnitude, so a crafted image can request an arbitrarily large index. alloc_rsttbl_from_idx() grows the table to cover that index via extend_rsttbl(), which passes the new entry count to init_rsttbl(): rt = init_rsttbl(esize, used + add); used + add is computed as u32 but init_rsttbl() takes a u16, and the count is stored in struct RESTART_TABLE as a __le16. When used + add exceeds U16_MAX it is truncated, init_rsttbl() allocates a table far smaller than the index requires, and alloc_rsttbl_from_idx() then dereferences and writes at the original, untruncated offset -- an out-of-bounds access past the allocation, reachable by mounting a crafted NTFS image. BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in alloc_rsttbl_from_idx (fs/ntfs3/fslog.c:950) Read of size 4 at addr ffff8880327ffff8 by task exploit alloc_rsttbl_from_idx (fs/ntfs3/fslog.c:950) log_replay (fs/ntfs3/fslog.c:4562) ntfs_loadlog_and_replay (fs/ntfs3/fsntfs.c:324) ntfs_fill_super (fs/ntfs3/super.c:1393) get_tree_bdev_flags vfs_get_tree path_mount __x64_sys_mount A restart table is limited to U16_MAX entries by its __le16 count, so a larger growth request is invalid input. Reject it in extend_rsttbl(); all callers already handle a NULL return.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: fix out-of-bounds read in read_log_rec_buf() read_log_rec_buf() copies a log record into a caller buffer starting at u32 off = lsn_to_page_off(log, lsn) + log->record_header_len; log->record_header_len (and log->data_off, used for the following pages) comes verbatim from the on-disk restart area and is only checked for 8-byte alignment in is_rst_area_valid(), so off can exceed log->page_size. "tail = log->page_size - off" then underflows and memcpy() reads past the page_size-sized buffer returned by read_log_page(), spilling adjacent slab memory into the replay buffer. This is reachable by mounting a crafted NTFS image: BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in read_log_rec_buf+0x216/0x580 Read of size 64 at addr ffff88800a877ff8 by task exploit/127 read_log_rec_buf fs/ntfs3/fslog.c:2299 log_replay fs/ntfs3/fslog.c:4216 ntfs_loadlog_and_replay fs/ntfs3/fsntfs.c:324 ntfs_fill_super fs/ntfs3/super.c:1392 get_tree_bdev_flags fs/super.c:1694 __x64_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:4360 The buggy address is located 4088 bytes to the right of the 4096-byte region [ffff88800a876000, ffff88800a877000) Reject an in-page offset outside the current page before the copy. [almaz.alexandrovich@paragon-software.com: replaced the >= sign with >]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qualcomm: rmnet: restore skb->dev on deaggregated frames rmnet_map_deaggregate() allocates each sub-frame with alloc_skb() and leaves skb->dev NULL. __rmnet_map_ingress_handler() assigns skb->dev = ep->egress_dev only on the data path, but a MAP command frame is dispatched to rmnet_map_command() before that, so rmnet_map_send_ack() runs netif_tx_lock(skb->dev) on a NULL device. An unprivileged user reaches this by unsharing a user+net namespace, creating an rmnet link over a tap device with INGRESS_DEAGGREGATION and INGRESS_MAP_COMMANDS, and writing an aggregated frame carrying a flow-control command to the tap fd. Restore the assignment dropped by 378e25357ac7, so every skb leaving rmnet_map_deaggregate() has a valid device. BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in _raw_spin_lock (kernel/locking/spinlock.c:158) Write of size 4 at addr 00000000000004b4 by task exploit/144 Call Trace: _raw_spin_lock (kernel/locking/spinlock.c:158) netif_tx_lock (net/sched/sch_generic.c:497) rmnet_map_command (drivers/net/ethernet/qualcomm/rmnet/rmnet_map_command.c:67) rmnet_rx_handler (drivers/net/ethernet/qualcomm/rmnet/rmnet_handlers.c:125) __netif_receive_skb_core.constprop.0 (net/core/dev.c:6103) ... __netif_receive_skb_one_core (net/core/dev.c:6214) netif_receive_skb (net/core/dev.c:6474) tun_get_user (drivers/net/tun.c:1966) tun_chr_write_iter (drivers/net/tun.c:2012) vfs_write (fs/read_write.c:687) ksys_write (fs/read_write.c:739) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121) Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: validate ef->size covers the record's name and value When an EA record has a non-zero ef->size, ntfs_read_ea() only checks that the record fits in the remaining buffer (ea_size > bytes), not that ef->size is large enough to hold the record's own name_len + 1 + elength. A crafted image can pass validation with, e.g., ef->size = 24 but elength = 0xffff. ntfs_get_ea() then trusts elength and copies it out of the undersized record, reading past the kmalloc(info->size) allocation and leaking heap memory to userspace via getxattr(): BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in ntfs_get_ea (fs/ntfs3/xattr.c:302) Read of size 65535 at addr ffff888100794550 by task exploit __asan_memcpy (mm/kasan/shadow.c:105) ntfs_get_ea (fs/ntfs3/xattr.c:302) ntfs_getxattr (fs/ntfs3/xattr.c:848) __vfs_getxattr (fs/xattr.c:441) vfs_getxattr (fs/xattr.c:474) do_getxattr (fs/xattr.c:800) path_getxattrat (fs/xattr.c:868) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) The buggy address is located 80 bytes inside of allocated 84-byte region in cache kmalloc-96 Compute the size the record needs and require ef->size to cover it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: isofs: fix out-of-bounds page array access on empty zisofs block zisofs_uncompress_block()'s empty-block fast path returns pcount << PAGE_SHIFT, ignoring the incoming poffset, unlike the decompression path which returns bytes produced relative to poffset. zisofs_fill_pages() uses that return to advance its page cursor, so when the zisofs block size is below PAGE_SIZE and a sub-page block leaves poffset partway into a page, a following empty block over-counts and advances pages[] one element past its end, after which "if (poffset && *pages)" reads pages[1] out of bounds. rock.c only rejects a block-size shift > 17, so a crafted "ZF" Rock Ridge record can set it below PAGE_SHIFT; the bug is reached by an ordinary read() of a compressed file on such a mounted ISO9660 image. Return the byte count relative to poffset and zero only [poffset, PAGE_SIZE) of the first page, matching the decompression path. The page-aligned case (poffset == 0) is unaffected. BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in zisofs_read_folio (fs/isofs/compress.c:290) Read of size 8 at addr ffff88800f5eac48 by task exploit/142 zisofs_read_folio (fs/isofs/compress.c:290) read_pages (mm/readahead.c:184) ... filemap_read (mm/filemap.c:2814) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:574) __x64_sys_pread64 (fs/read_write.c:769) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121) The buggy address is located 0 bytes to the right of the allocated 8-byte region in the kmalloc-8 cache

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure vfio_msi_cap_len() lazily allocates the per-device MSI permission table: vdev->msi_perm = kmalloc_obj(struct perm_bits, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT); if (!vdev->msi_perm) return -ENOMEM; ret = init_pci_cap_msi_perm(vdev->msi_perm, len, flags); if (ret) { kfree(vdev->msi_perm); return ret; /* vdev->msi_perm left dangling */ } When init_pci_cap_msi_perm() -> alloc_perm_bits() fails with -ENOMEM, the error path frees vdev->msi_perm but leaves the freed pointer stored in it. vdev->msi_perm is not re-zeroed later because struct vfio_pci_core_device is per-device and persists across open/close cycles, and the vfio_config_init() error path returns without calling vfio_config_free(). So the dangling pointer outlives the failed open. That leads to two use-after-frees on the same device: 1. Reuse. The next vfio_config_init() sees the stale pointer at "if (vdev->msi_perm) return len;" and reuses the freed object. MSI config accesses in vfio_pci_config_rw_single() then dereference and call the freed perm->readfn / perm->writefn function pointers. 2. Double free. A later vfio_config_free() runs free_perm_bits() and kfree() on the already-freed object. Fix it by NULLing vdev->msi_perm after the kfree(), matching the NULL-after-free discipline already used in free_perm_bits() and vfio_config_free(). BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) Read of size 8 at addr ffff88800fcc88d0 by task exploit/143 Call Trace: ... kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595) vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) vfio_pci_config_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1986) vfio_pci_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:1599) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:572) __x64_sys_pread64 (fs/read_write.c:764) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Followed on device close by a double free of the same object: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x1f63e0e8000008: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:kfree (mm/slub.c:6711) Call Trace: vfio_config_free (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1861) vfio_pci_core_disable (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:685) vfio_pci_core_close_device (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:777) vfio_df_close (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:602) vfio_device_fops_release (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:648) __fput (fs/file_table.c:512) __x64_sys_close (fs/open.c:1496) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vxlan: vnifilter: enforce exact length of GROUP/GROUP6 attributes The VXLAN VNI filter entry policy declares the GROUP/GROUP6 address attributes as NLA_BINARY with only a maximum length, so validate_nla() accepts a payload shorter than the address. The GROUP consumer reads it with nla_get_in_addr(), an unconditional 4-byte load, so a short attribute over-reads up to 3 bytes of uninitialised slab data, which are stored into remote_ip and echoed back via RTM_GETTUNNEL, disclosing kernel memory. Switch both entries to NLA_POLICY_EXACT_LEN() so the validator rejects any GROUP/GROUP6 that is not exactly 4 / 16 bytes; a valid address is always sent at full width.